مروری بر کروناویروس‌ها با تاکید بر SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) عامل کووید-19

نویسنده
نیما شیخ بیگلو
ارومیه، دانشگاه ارومیه، دانشکده علوم، گروه زیست‌شناسی
چکیده
کرونا ویروس­ها، ویروس­های پوشش­دار با ژنگان RNA تک رشته­ای مثبت (sense strand)، بیماری­زاهای مهمی در انسان و سایر مهره­داران پس از دورۀ شیوع سارس (سندروم تنفسی حاد شدید) در سال 2002 میلادی در چین، محسوب می­شوند. این ویروس­ها می­توانند باعث عفونت مجاری تنفسی انسان و دیگر حیوانات شوند. شیوع سارس و مرس (سندروم تنفسی خاورمیانه) که به نظر منشأ هر دوی آن­ها خفاش­ها بودند، حاکی از امکان انتقال این ویروس­ها از حیوان به انسان و از انسان به انسان است. شیوع سریع و گسترده التهاب ریه­ی ناشی از SARS-CoV-2 از دسامبر 2019 در سراسر جهان و مرگ و میر 2 تا 3 درصدی ناشی از آن، حاکی از جدی بودن تهدید کروناویروس­ها برای سلامت جهانی است. همچنین بعضی از کروناویروس­ها با عفونی کردن حیوانات اهلی باعث خسارات اقتصادی شدیدی می­شوند. با توجه به این که در حال حاضر درمان قطعی یا واکسن مؤثری برای COVID-19، بیماری ناشی SARS-CoV-2، وجود ندارد توسعه­ی روش­های درمانی و پیشگیری مؤثر برای مقابله با کروناویروس­ها ضروری است.

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  • تاریخ دریافت 22 آذر 1398
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  • تاریخ پذیرش 10 تیر 1399