مجله زیست شناسی ایران

ظهور سارس، مرس و کروناویروس جدید سارس-2 در قرن بیست و یک

نویسنده

کرمان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، مرکز تحقیقات فیزیولوژی

چکیده

در ابتدای سده بیست و یکم، یک بیماری عفونی کشنده جدید با نام سندرم تنفسی حاد (سارس)( Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS))، به عنوان عامل تهدیدکننده سلامت عمومی جهان تشخیص داده شد. به دنبال آن، ده سال بعد از اولین موارد تشخیصی سارس در سال 2002، مواردی جدید از نوع دیگری از بیماری تنفسی منجر به نگرانی جامعه جهانی شد. این بیماری با نام سندرم تنفسی خاورمیانه (مرس)(Middle East respiratory syndrome; MERS) شناخته شد.  اخیرا، با ظهور یک اپیدمی جدید چینی در اواخر سال 2019، تاریخ مجددا تکرار شده است. برای این بیماری تنفسی که کووید-19 ( COVID-19) نامیده می شود، یک کروناویروس جدید (کرونا سارس-2(SARS-CoV-2))  به عنوان عامل بیماریزائی شناخته شده است. در مجموع،  سارس، مرس و کووید-19 توسط  کروناویروس­ها که اخیرا کشف شده­اند ایجاد می­شوند  و ناخوشی مشابه با آنفولانزا با نتایج بالینی شدیدتر ایجاد می­کنند. با توجه به اهمیت فعلی کروناویروس­ها در سلامت عمومی جهان، در مقاله مروری حاضر به صورت خلاصه و به روز تاریخچه همه‍گیری‍شناسی این سه بیماری اصلی در انسان را که با آلودگی کرونا ویروس ایجاد شده‍اند می پردازیم.

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مجله زیست شناسی ایران
دوره 4، شماره 7 - شماره پیاپی 7
اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 192-200
  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 تیر 1399